ANN/THE STAR – Photographing animals in their natural habitats is exhilarating, but mastering the art of capturing them at a zoo requires skill.
The environment itself presents its own set of challenges and rewards, just like in the wild. It goes beyond mere documentation, it’s about capturing moments that embody the essence and beauty of wildlife.
A visit to the zoo offers not just entertainment but also a learning experience, allowing photographers to experiment with various techniques and settings to showcase the diversity and marvels of the animal kingdom.
Unlike the unpredictable wilderness, zoos provide a controlled setting, enabling photographers to get up close to wildlife. Yet, success in capturing these creatures demands more than just a camera. For example, timing plays a pivotal role, in the early morning, with its gentle light and heightened animal activity, presents best opportunities for this activity.
Moreover, the tranquility of morning hours at the zoo offers a conducive environment, allowing photographers ample space and focus amidst lesser crowds.
A DSLR or mirrorless camera is ideal for this type of photography.
While pocket cameras or smartphones can still do the job, the quality and sharpness of these images are generally less impressive.
A good lens for zoo photography is a 200-millimetre (mm) or greater telephoto, which allows capturing animals from a distance, while a wide-angle lens is suitable for habitat shots.
Composition is important in zoo photography, especially for creating a narrative with the images.
Look for unique angles and perspectives, and always focus on the eyes.
Sharp eyes draw the viewer into the photo and create a connection with the animal.
Lighting can also make or break the photographs.
The soft light of early morning or late afternoon gives a warm, natural look, while overcast days provide diffused lighting, reducing harsh shadows and highlights. In the harsh midday light, seek shaded areas or use natural cover to soften the light.
Anticipate and capture natural animal behaviours for dynamic shots. This requires patience, observation, and preparation to wait for the perfect moment, whether it’s a yawn, a stretch, or an interaction between animals.
Zoos also present other challenges like fences and glass. To minimise these distractions, get as close to the glass as possible to reduce reflections.
Use a wide aperture to blur out bars or fences, look for openings, or use the environment to frame the shots creatively.
Use a fast shutter speed to freeze motion, especially for active animals. A rule of thumb is 1/500 second or faster, up to 1/2000 second for quick mammals and birds. A wide aperture (low f-number) helps keep the focus on the animal while blurring the background, which hides the tell-tale signs of captivity.
Higher ISOs are useful in darker environments, but be mindful of noise. Using zoom lenses allows maintaining a safe distance from the animals, and using flash can startle and stress the subjects.
The photos should tell a story about the animal or its environment, capturing expressions, interactions, and behaviours that give insight into their character or lifestyle.
Zoo photography can be rewarding for both amateur and professional photographers alike.
It’s not just about taking pictures; it’s about the connection, conservation, and storytelling through the lens. – Eddie Chua
