WASHINGTON (AP) – United States (US) health regulators on Tuesday approved the first gene therapy for haemophilia, a USD3.5 million one-time treatment for the blood-clotting disorder.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cleared Hemgenix, an IV treatment for adults with haemophilia B, the less common form of the genetic disorder which primarily affects men.
Currently, patients receive frequent, expensive IVs of a protein that helps blood clot and prevents bleeding.
Drugmaker CSL Behring announced the USD3.5 million price tag shortly after the FDA approval, saying its drug would ultimately reduce healthcare costs because patients would have fewer bleeding incidents and need fewer clotting treatments.
The price appeared to exceed that of several other gene therapies priced upwards of USD2 million. Like most medicines in the US, most of the cost of the new treatment will be paid by insurers – not patients – including private plans and government programmes.
After decades of research, gene therapies have begun reshaping the treatment of cancers and rare inheritable diseases with medicines that can modify or correct mutations embedded in people’s genetic code.
Hemgenix is the first such treatment for haemophilia and several other drugmakers are working on gene therapies for the more common form of the disorder, haemophilia A.
“Today’s approval provides a new treatment option for patients with haemophilia B and represents important progress in the development of innovative therapies,” said FDA’s Dr Peter Marks.
The agency did not specify how long the treatment works. But CSL Behring said patients should benefit – in terms of reduced bleeding and increased clotting – for years. Haemophilia almost always strikes males and is caused by mutations in the gene for a protein needed for blood clotting.
Small cuts or bruises can be life-threatening, and many people need treatments once or more a week to prevent serious bleeding.
Left untreated, the condition can cause bleeding that seeps into joints and internal organs, including the brain.
Hemgenix delivers a working gene for the clotting protein to the liver, where it is made.
Haemophilia B affects about one in 40,000 people and accounts for roughly 15 per cent of those with the disease, according to the FDA.
The FDA said it approved based on two small studies, including one that showed those taking the drug had increased levels of the clotting protein, reduced need for standard treatment and a 54 per cent drop in bleeding problems.
Earlier this year, European regulators approved a similar gene therapy for haemophilia A.
That drug, from drugmaker BioMarin, is still under review at the FDA.
