(ANN/THE STAR) – Healthcare professionals frequently recommend breast milk as the ideal source of nourishment for newborns, given its rich and varied nutritional profile tailored to support early development.
Breast milk provides a balanced mix of essential nutrients that promote the physical and mental growth of infants. Here’s a closer look at its key components and the vital roles they play:
Water
Breast milk naturally supplies water, helping newborns stay hydrated and regulate their body fluids.
Proteins
Proteins are essential for building, repairing, and strengthening body tissues. Specific proteins like lactoferrin, lysozyme, and bifidus factor support iron absorption, healthy gut bacteria, and overall well-being.
Fats
Fats in breast milk are crucial for brain and nervous system development, as well as vision. They provide a primary energy source and aid in absorbing fat-soluble vitamins, making them particularly important in the first six months.
Carbohydrates
Lactose, the main carbohydrate in breast milk, provides energy and supports the absorption of minerals like calcium and magnesium. It also promotes beneficial bacteria in the baby’s digestive tract.
Vitamins
Breast milk includes both fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) and water-soluble (C, B2, B3, B5) vitamins, which protect against nutrient deficiencies. The mother’s vitamin intake can influence the levels of vitamins present.
Minerals
Minerals such as iron, zinc, calcium, and magnesium contribute to the development of bones, red blood cells, and the nervous system.
Immune-Boosting Benefits
Breast milk contains antibodies and immune-strengthening nutrients, especially during the initial stages after birth (in colostrum) to protect against infections. As the baby grows, breast milk continues to supply antibodies, fostering immunity and the growth of healthy gut flora.
Additional Benefits of Breast Milk
Adaptable to Growth Needs: Breast milk adjusts its composition to meet the evolving needs of a growing baby.
Secure Food Source: Breastfeeding provides a safe and reliable source of nourishment, independent of external factors like clean water or electricity.
Hormones and Enzymes: Breast milk contains growth-promoting hormones and enzymes that aid in nutrient digestion and absorption.
Eco-Friendly: Breastfeeding is waste-free, requiring no packaging or transportation, and is an environmentally sustainable choice.
In summary, breast milk remains the optimal choice for infant nutrition, supporting immunity and overall development. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first six months of life, followed by continued breastfeeding with complementary foods until at least two years of age.
This article is provided by the Malaysian Paediatric Association’s Positive Parenting programme in collaboration with expert partners.
