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    US, allies to end normal trade relations with Russia

    WASHINGTON (AFP) – The United States (US) and its allies moved on Friday to end normal trade relations with Russia, as US President Joe Biden vowed the West would make Russian President Vladimir Putin “pay the price” for his invasion of Ukraine.

    Biden announced the new step, which would enable Western nations to inflict steep tariff hikes on Russian goods, in coordination with North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) allies, the Group of Seven (G7) and the European Union (EU).

    Washington and Brussels also said they would cut off exports of luxury goods to Russia in what EU chief Ursula von der Leyen described as a “direct blow to the Russian elite”.

    Biden warned in his speech at the White House that “Putin must pay the price” as the “aggressor” in the war with its ex-Soviet neighbour.

    US lawmakers – who would have the final say – have already indicated they support stripping Russia of the preferential status that ensures equal treatment between international trade partners.

    In a statement issued in Berlin, G7 leaders confirmed they would each “endeavour” to take action to deny Russia favoured trade status.

    “The US and our allies and partners continue in lockstep to ramp up the economic pressures on Putin and to further isolate Russia on the global stage,” Biden said.

    Maersk’s new ice-class container vessel Venta Maersk arrives at the port of Saint Petersburg, Russia. PHOTO: AFP

    Putin “cannot pursue a war that threatens the very foundation of international peace and stability and then ask for help from the international community.”

    A key principle of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the so-called most favoured nation status known in the US as permanent normal trade relations (PNTR), requires countries to guarantee one another equal tariff and regulatory treatment.

    Stripping Moscow of the designation, granted in December 2012, would allow Biden to impose steep tariffs on Russian goods or restrict imports. The president also announced a ban on imports of diamonds and seafood into the US.

    Later in the day, the US Treasury announced a raft of new sanctions targetting “elites and business executives who are associates and facilitators of the Russian regime”.

    These include family members of Putin’s spokesmen, board members of sanctioned bank VTB and 12 members of the Lower House of the Russian Parliament.

    The latest trade sanctions cap several rounds of measures intended to sever Russia’s economic and financial ties with the rest of the world over its invasion of Ukraine.

    They have included banning Russian oil imports, seizing the assets of billionaires tied to Putin, and freezing the nation’s stockpile of cash.

    Together, the moves have already pushed Moscow to the brink of a debt default.

    The steps have also caused prices for key commodities, like gasoline and wheat, to soar, harming US consumers already facing the highest inflation in four decades.

    Trade experts are however dubious about whether new tariffs will be effective.

    “US direct trade with Russia is relatively small, so higher tariffs would not do much damage to them but could raise costs for our manufacturers who rely on them for key raw materials,” said William Reinsch of the Centre for Strategic and International Studies in Washington.

    “The additional damage this does to the trading system, while not immediate, could be significant,” he said in an analysis.

    The US imported just under USD30 billion in goods from Russia last year, including USD17.5 billion in crude oil.

    Cashless and flightless, Russian tourists stuck in Thailand

    BANGKOK (AP) – Thousands of Russian tourists are stranded in Thailand’s beach resorts because of the war in Ukraine, many unable to pay their bills or return home because of sanctions and cancelled flights.

    The crisis in Europe also put a crimp in recovery plans for the Southeast Asian nation’s tourism industry, which has hosted more visitors from Russia than any of its neighbours before the pandemic hit.

    There are about 6,500 Russian tourists stuck in Phuket, Surat Thani, Krabi and Pattaya, four provinces that are popular seaside resort destinations, in addition to 1,000 Ukrainians, Governor of the Tourism Authority of Thailand Yuthasak Supasorn told The Associated Press on Friday.

    Some 17,599 Russians accounted for the largest bloc of arrivals in February, representing 8.6 per cent of a total of 203,970, according to the Public Health Ministry. After the February 24 Russian invasion of Ukraine, their numbers drastically declined.

    Yuthasak said the Russians face two main problems: cancellations of their flights home by airlines that have stopped flying to Russia, and suspension of financial services, particularly by credit card companies that have joined sanctions against Moscow.

    There are also some who prefer to delay their return.

    While almost all direct flights from Russia have been suspended, connections are still available through major carriers based in the Middle East. Yuthasak said efforts are also being made to find alternative methods of payments for Russian tourists.

    Volunteer translator for Russians stranded in Krabi Siwaporn Boonruang a said some cannot pay their bills because they can no longer use Visa or Mastercard credit cards.

    Many have cash and those with UnionPay credit cards can still use them, but payment by cryptocurrency is not allowed, she said.

    The golden mount temple in Bangkok, Thailand. PHOTO: AP

    Brunei’s first Islamic film festival kicks off

    Izah Azahari

    The Brunei Islamic Film Festival kicked off with a symposium titled ‘Islamic Film Genre: Questions, Possibilities and Implications for the Bruneian Screen Industry’ at Yayasan Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Complex yesterday.

    Yang Amat Mulia Pengiran Anak Hajah Nurul Amal Munjiatul Athirah binti Pengiran Sura Negara Pengiran Anak Haji Muhammad Bey Muntassir was the guest of honour.

    Symposium participants comprised individuals from higher learning institutions including Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali (UNISSA), Mahakarya Institute of the Arts Asia (MIAA) and Kolej International Graduate Studies (KIGS) as well as filmmakers and officials from production houses and government agencies.

    Festival Director Siti Kamaluddin opened the symposium with a speech describing her excitement over the Sultanate’s first-ever film festival dedicated to Islamic content.

    “In 2019, we introduced the Islamic film competitive category as part of the annual Brunei Film Blitz, and the category has since grown. But this year, it has become its own festival,” she said.

    Guest of honour Yang Amat Mulia Pengiran Anak Hajah Nurul Amal Munjiatul Athirah binti Pengiran Sura Negara Pengiran Anak Haji Muhammad Bey Muntassir at the event. PHOTO: IZAH AZAHARI

    Being a firm believer in the importance of education, research and study, Siti Kamaluddin said, “This is why the festival is starting with a symposium, which will allow participants to explore the concept of film genre, and what it means to have an Islamic Bruneian screen identity.”

    Dr Alex Fischer from MIAA shared an overview of the Brunei Islamic Film Festival symposium and a study on film genres.

    Dr Yong Liu from Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) and Dr Ahmad F Yousif from UNISSA also presented at the festival.

    The symposium aims to create a roadmap for academic investigation on the Bruneian Islamic screen identity.

    Fatin Feisal moderated a round table discussion on Islamic film management.

    Matters pertaining to Islamic etiquette, halal food preparation, Islamic financing and insurance were discussed in greater detail to ensure filmmakers delve into these details when producing Islamic content.

    The symposium ended with a filmmaking workshop allowing participants to put into practice what had been discussed at the symposium. Participants were assigned filmmaking exercises on ideation, cinematography, sound recording and editing.

    Intensive individual mentorships will be made available for participants over the next two weeks while they produce Islamic short films to be screened on March 30.

    S Korea reports record high of daily COVID cases

    SEOUL (XINHUA) – South Korea reported a record high of 383,665 daily COVID-19 cases as of midnight on Friday compared to 24 hours ago, raising the total number of infections to 6,206,277, the health authorities said yesterday.

    The daily caseload was sharply up from 282,983 in the previous day, surpassing the previous high of 342,433 tallied on Wednesday, according to the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.

    The recent resurgence was driven by infections in the Seoul metropolitan area amid the Omicron variant spread.

    Of the new cases, 80,437 were Seoul residents. The number of the newly infected people living in Gyeonggi province and the western port city of Incheon was 107,941 and 23,735 respectively.

    The virus spread also raged in the non-metropolitan region. The number of new infections in the non-capital areas was 171,477, or 44.7 per cent of the total local transmission.

    People wearing face masks walk at the Cheonggye Stream in Seoul, South Korea. PHOTO: AP

    Among the new cases, 75 were imported from overseas, lifting the total to 30,206.

    The number of infected people who were in a serious condition stood at 1,066, down 50 from the previous day.

    A total of 269 more deaths were confirmed, leaving the death toll at 10,144. The total fatality rate was 0.16 per cent.

    The country has administered COVID-19 vaccines to 44,903,107 people, or 87.5 per cent of the total population, and the number of fully inoculated people was 44,428,431, or 86.6 per cent of the population.

    The number of those who received booster jabs was 32,064,014 people, or 62.5 per cent of the population.

    Spotlight on local agrifood products

    Lyna Mohamad

    Ministry of Primary Resources and Tourism (MPRT), through its Agrifood and Market Access Management Industry Division at the Department of Agriculture and Agrifood, organised an Agrifood Entrepreneurs Day at the Muhibbah Hall Canteen, Brunei-Muara District Office yesterday.

    Minister of Primary Resources and Tourism Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Ali bin Apong officiated the event themed ‘Agrifood Industry Generates Nation’s Economic Growth’.

    The minister presented Excellent Entrepreneurs Certificate to companies that achieved significant increase in production – PDS Abattoir Sdn Bhd, BMC Food Industries Sdn Bhd and Ideal Food Industries Sdn Bhd, Sabli Food Industries (B) Sdn Bhd and Kingston Beverage & Creamery Sdn Bhd.

    The event was aimed at showing appreciation to agrifood entrepreneurs who contributed towards the nation’s economic growth. It was also a platform for both established local agrifood entrepreneurs and those who just started expanding their businesses and marketing their products.

    The event also saw a live cooking demonstration and business matching activities with raw material suppliers and retailers, as well as 17 companies showcasing their products ranging from chicken sausage to canned foods, chilli sauce, ice-cream, juices, spices and bakery products.

    Local agrifood industry’s production has increased by nine per cent to BND164 million last year compared to BND150 million in 2020.

    There are currently 397 agrifood companies registered under the Department of Agriculture and Agrifood.

    Minister of Primary Resources and Tourism Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Ali bin Apong watches a cooking demonstration at the Agrifood Entrepreneurs Day event themed ‘Agrifood Industry Generates Nation’s Economic Growth’.
    Minister of Primary Resources and Tourism Dato Seri Setia Awang Haji Ali bin Apong with representatives of companies.
    PHOTOS: BAHYIAH BAKIR
    The minister tours the event

    Turkmenistan votes for father-son transition

    ASHGABAT, TURKMENISTAN (AFP) – Voting was underway in Turkmenistan yesterday for a tightly-controlled leadership election that is all but certain to yield ex-Soviet Central Asia’s first father-son succession.

    Nine candidates are in the fray in the republic of six million people, but President Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov, who tolerates no opposition and has dominated public life since the country’s founding president died in 2006, is not among them.

    Berdymukhamedov senior signalled his decision to step aside last month and allow “young leaders” to govern.

    The announcement has seen the role of victor-in-waiting fall to his son, Serdar Berdymukhamedov, 40, who has rapidly risen to the top of government.

    A state television announcer confirming the beginning of voting at 7am yesterday said the elections showed “the irreversibility of the process of democratisation of modern Turkmen society”.

    Polling stations that will close at 7pm were busy on a cloudy day in the capital Ashgabat, with young Turkmen wearing either suits with black ties or embroidered ankle-length red dresses chatting and giggling in the queues.

    A woman votes at a polling station for the presidential election in Ashgabat. PHOTO: AFP

    Gulya Agayeva, 20, told AFP she had been encouraged to vote by her teachers.

    “They said it is our civic duty, that our future depends on our choice,” Agayeva said, confirming that she had cast her vote for Berdymukhamedov junior.

    Officials contacted by AFP were unable to confirm when preliminary results would be announced.

    An inauguration ceremony has been scheduled for March 19, state media said on Friday.

    Berdymukhamedov senior, 64, benefits from a glitzy leadership cult that includes a golden statue of him on horseback and elicits comparisons to North Korea – a country that has already witnessed two hereditary successions.

    Turkmen state television pays fawning tribute to his hobbies – horse riding, songwriting and rally car driving to name a few – and the so-called “protector” is a phenomenon on foreign social media, all of which are blocked.

    The leader, who claims Turkmenistan has not suffered a single case of coronavirus, said last month that he wishes to remain in politics in his parallel role as chairman of the Parliament’s upper chamber.

    Asian LNG prices slide amid stable European gas flows

    LONDON (CNA) – Asian spot liquefied natural gas (LNG) prices declined this week, tracking European gas prices which fell due to stable Russian gas flows and LNG supply.

    However, market players remain concerned over the risk of Russian supply disruption amid a tense geopolitical situation following Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine, which remains a bullish factor that could send prices higher.

    The average LNG price for April delivery into Northeast Asia was estimated at USD38.00 per metric million British thermal units (mmBtu), down USD2.50, or 6.2 per cent from the previous week, industry sources said.

    “It’s all still very politically driven with regards to the Eastern situation and the risk of (Russian gas) cut-off remains. In the meantime, supplies from Russia are healthy, LNG (flow to Europe) is increasing and the outlook on fundamentals is bearish,” a European trader said.

    Another factor which would support a price rise would be Europe’s attempts to fill its gas storage during the summer gas season which runs from April through October.

    A liquefied natural gas tanker is tugged towards a thermal power station in Futtsu, east of Tokyo, Japan. PHOTO: CNA

    “Europe’s attempt to fill out 90 per cent of its gas storage by October is likely to be a challenging endeavour as that would likely slow LNG demand growth in Asia, suggesting elevated prices for months on end,” said senior LNG analyst at Rystad Energy Kaushal Ramesh.

    Price agency S&P Global Commodity Insights’ Japan-Korea-Marker (JKM), which is widely used as a spot benchmark in the region, jumped to a record USD84.762/mmBtu Monday as buyers scour global markets for LNG cargoes to replace Russian gas and LNG, but declined later into the week.

    Industry and government sources said White House efforts to boost United States (US) LNG exports and cut Europe’s reliance on Russian gas are proceeding slowly, because of concerns about the impact on climate change.

    The European commission earlier this week revealed a plan to wean its economies off Russian gas, focussing on replacing Russian gas with alternative supplies of 60 billion cubic metres (bcm), most of which would come from LNG imports.

    “The plans strongly lean on the rise of LNG imports, however there won’t be enough LNG available to fill the gap even in the very unlikely scenario that all available LNG were to be shipped towards Europe,” said senior energy economist at ABN Amro Hans van Cleef.

    While inventories are running low in Japan and South Korea and would encourage restocking demand, buyers remain reluctant to engage in the spot market and prefer to wait until prices are at more reasonable levels.

    Atlantic basin charter rates surged to USD42,000 per day on Friday on the back of increased demand to secure tonnage, according to Henry Bennett at Spark Commodities.

    Russia widens social media crackdown by blocking Instagram

    AP – Russian regulators said on Friday that the country’s Internet users will be blocked from accessing Instagram, saying it’s being used to call for violence against Russian soldiers.

    In Moscow’s latest move to restrict access to foreign social media platforms, communications and media regulator Roskomnadzor said in a statement that it’s restricting national access to Instagram. It said the platform is spreading “calls to commit violent acts against Russian citizens, including military personnel”.

    Roskomnadzor cited a Thursday tweet by Meta spokesman Andy Stone conveying a company statement saying it had “made allowances for forms of political expression that would normally violate our rules on violent speech, such as ‘death to the Russian invaders'”.

    Stone’s statement followed a news agency’s report that Meta was making a temporary change to its hate speech policy to allow Facebook and Instagram users in some countries to call for violence against Russians and Russian soldiers in the context of the Ukraine invasion.

    The statement stressed that the company “still won’t allow credible calls for violence against Russian civilians”.

    The Instagram app icon displayed on a smartphone. PHOTO: AFP

    Facebook parent Meta Platforms, which also owns Instagram, on Friday defended what it described as a temporary decision “taken in extraordinary and unprecedented circumstances”.

    “I want to be crystal clear: Our policies are focussed on protecting people’s rights to speech as an expression of self-defence in reaction to a military invasion of their country,” said a statement on Friday from Meta’s President of Global Affairs Nick Clegg.

    “The fact is, if we applied our standard content policies without any adjustments we would now be removing content from ordinary Ukrainians expressing their resistance and fury at the invading military forces, which would rightly be viewed as unacceptable,” Clegg added.

    He noted that the policy only applies in Ukraine and the company hasn’t changed its policies against hate speech targetting Russian people.

    Russia has already blocked access to Facebook, limited access to Twitter and criminalised the intentional spreading of what Moscow deems to be “fake” reports, as part of Russian President Vladimir Putin’s crackdown on social media and news outlets like the BBC.

    Big tech companies, meanwhile, have moved to restrict Russian state media from using their platforms to spread propaganda and misinformation.

    Learning from Korean film industry

    Izah Azahari

    After a weak start in the late 90s, the Korean film industry is now seeing substantial investments streaming in. As of 2021, Netflix alone had channelled USD530 million into Korean content, of the USD884 million invested for the entire Asia.

    Dr Alex Fischer from Mahakarya Institute of the Arts Asia (MIAA) said this in his keynote address at the Brunei Islamic Film Festival symposium yesterday, while providing an overview of the Brunei Islamic Film Festival Symposium and a study on film genres.

    The symposium titled ‘Islamic Film Genre: Questions, Possibilities and Implications for the Bruneian Screen Industry’ was held at Yayasan Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Complex.

    Dr Fischer discussed the three key points to the symposium – that it represents a starting point for further investigation into the topic; provides collaborative opportunities between academics studying Bruneian cinema and practitioners working in the film industry; and thirdly, the implications for the local screen industry development, which is having a genre that is specific to Brunei Darussalam.

    Further elaborating on the points, Dr Fischer posed questions that included: “Is Bruneian cinema unique?”, “Can we watch Bruneian cinema or television for that matter?”, and “Can we identify it as being wholly Bruneian?”.

    Discussing the second point, Dr Fischer provided an insight on his recently-published joint study with Dr Yong Liu from Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) which examined the economic impact of the Bruneian screen industry as well as the local and surrounding community, as well as in terms of employment and revenue returned.

    Elaborating on his third point, Dr Fischer dissected the implications for the local screen industry and its development in terms of an Islamic film genre. He discussed the substantial amount of money spent by over-the-top (OTT) platforms such as Netflix, Hulu and Paramount Plus; and examined the Korean film industry, identifying that this is perhaps a new export Brunei can take pointers from.

    “It could be exported to the world so that we can begin to tap into this cash flow,” said Dr Fischer.

    Dr Fischer also discussed what a film genre is, identifying all the theoretical problems with it, along with the benefits and how it is used to attract and hold an audience.

    Dr Alex Fischer from Mahakarya Institute of the Arts Asia giving a keynote address. PHOTO: IZAH AZAHARI

    Russians push towards Kyiv, keep up siege of other cities

    LVIV, UKRAINE (AP) – Russian forces appeared to make progress from northeast Ukraine in their slow fight to reach the capital, Kyiv, while tanks and artillery pounded places already under siege with shelling so heavy it prevented residents of one city from burying the growing number of dead.

    In past offensives in Syria and Chechnya, Russia’s strategy was to crush armed resistance with sustained airstrikes and shelling that leveled population centres. That kind of assault has cut off Ukraine’s southern port city of Mariupol, and a similar fate could await Kyiv and other parts of the country if the war continues.

    In Mariupol, unceasing barrages have thwarted repeated attempts to bring in food and water and to evacuate trapped civilians.

    Mariupol’s death toll has passed 1,500 in 12 days of attack, the mayor’s office said.

    Continued shelling forced crews to stop digging trenches for mass graves, so the “dead aren’t even being buried”, the mayor said.

    Russian forces have hit more than a dozen hospitals since they invaded Ukraine on February 24, according to the World Health Organization.

    An explosion is seen in an apartment building after Russian’s army tank fires in Mariupol, Ukraine. PHOTO: AP

    Ukrainian officials reported yesterday that heavy artillery damaged a cancer hospital and several residential buildings in Mykolaiv, a city 489 kilometres west of Mariupol.

    The conflict has already sent 2.5 million people fleeing the country. Thousands of soldiers on both sides are believed to have been killed along with many Ukrainian civilians.

    On the ground, the Kremlin’s forces appeared to be trying to regroup and regain momentum after encountering tough resistance and amassing heavy losses over the past two weeks.

    Britain’s Ministry of Defence said Russia is trying to reset and “re-posture” its troops, gearing up for operations against Kyiv.

    Russian forces were blockading Kharkiv, Ukraine’s second-largest city, even as efforts have been made to create new humanitarian corridors around it and other urban centers so aid can get in and residents can get out.

    The Russians also stepped up attacks on Mykolaiv, located 470 kilometres south of Kyiv, in an attempt to encircle the city.

    As part of a multi-front attack on the capital, the Russians’ push from the northeast appeared to be advancing, a United States (US) defence official said, speaking on condition of anonymity.

    Combat units were moved up from the rear as the forces advanced to within 30 kilometres of Kyiv.

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